Economic Report: U.S. adds just 194,000 jobs in September as delta worsens labor shortage

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The numbers: The economy created a stingy 194,000 new jobs in September to mark the second disappointing increase in a row, suggesting a lack of labor could handicap an otherwise robust U.S. recovery.

The increase in hiring fell well short of Wall Street’s forecast, exacerbated by a decline in employment at public schools. Economists polled by The Wall Street Journal had forecast 500,000 new jobs.

The unemployment rate, meanwhile, slipped to 4.8% from 5.2% and drifted to a new pandemic low. Yet the official rate underestimates the true unemployment by a few percentage points, economists estimate.

What’s worse, the size of the labor force actually shrank in September and mostly explains the big drop in the unemployment rate.

One of the biggest problems the economy faces right now is enticing enough people to return to work. Many businesses lack sufficient staff to produce enough goods and services to keep up with demand.

The poor September jobs report is unlikely to easy any angst about the U.S. recovery, but it probably won’t deter the Federal Reserve from announcing plans soon to start to wean the economy off its easy-money strategy.

Read: Economists see growing chance of earlier Fed rate hike

U.S. stocks were set to to rise in premarket trading.

Big picture: The speed of the economic recovery could depend largely on many workers rejoin the labor force in the coming months.

Record U.S. job openings show there’s plenty of demand for labor. And with delta starting to fade, even more companies might be willing to hire.

Read: Economy perks up again as delta ebbs, but shortages still a big worry

The problem is, the labor force is missing as many as 6 million people who likely would be working now had there never been a pandemic at all.

What might nudge more people to return to the labor force soon are the end of extra federal benefits for the unemployed and most schools reopening for in-person learning. But it will take several months to see if they are coming back — and how quickly.

Read: U.S. jobless claims sink 38,000 to 326,000 in sign of improving labor market

Market reaction: The Dow Jones Industrial Average
DJIA,
+0.98%

and S&P500
SPX,
+0.83%

were set to open higher on Friday. Stocks trimmed their gains in premarket trading after the jobs report.

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